![]() Known as the recombination epoch, this decoupling event released photons to travel freely through space – sometimes referred to as relic radiation. Unlike the plasma, these atoms could not scatter thermal radiation by Thomson scattering, and so the universe became transparent. As the universe expanded, this plasma cooled to the point where protons and electrons combined to form neutral atoms of mostly hydrogen. In the Big Bang cosmological models, during the earliest periods the universe was filled with an opaque fog of dense, hot plasma of sub-atomic particles. ĬMB is landmark evidence of the Big Bang theory for the origin of the universe. The accidental discovery of the CMB in 1965 by American radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson was the culmination of work initiated in the 1940s. This glow is strongest in the microwave region of the radio spectrum. However, a sufficiently sensitive radio telescope detects a faint background glow that is almost uniform and is not associated with any star, galaxy, or other object. ![]() With a standard optical telescope, the background space between stars and galaxies is almost completely dark. ![]() It is a remnant that provides an important source of data on the primordial universe. The cosmic microwave background ( CMB, CMBR) is microwave radiation that fills all space.
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